Lawlessness and economics : alternative modes of governance违法与经济学 txt umd azw3 下载 fb2 pdf 在线 免费

How can property rights be protected and contracts be enforced in countries where the rule of law is ineffective or absent? How can firms from advanced market economies do business in such circumstances? In Lawlessness and Economics, Avinash Dixit examines the theory of private institutions that transcend or supplement weak economic governance from the state.

In much of the world and through much of history, private mechanisms--such as long-term relationships, arbitration, social networks to disseminate information and norms to impose sanctions, and for-profit enforcement services--have grown up in place of formal, state-governed institutions. Even in countries with strong legal systems, many of these mechanisms continue under the shadow of the law. Numerous case studies and empirical investigations have demonstrated the variety, importance, and merits, and drawbacks of such institutions.

This book builds on these studies and constructs a toolkit of theoretical models to analyze them. The models shed new conceptual light on the different modes of governance, and deepen our understanding of the interaction of the alternative institutions with each other and with the government's law. For example, one model explains the limit on the size of social networks and illuminates problems in the transition to more formal legal systems as economies grow beyond this limit. Other models explain why for-profit enforcement is inefficient. The models also help us understand why state law dovetails with some non-state institutions and collides with others. This can help less-developed countries and transition economies devise better processes for the introduction or reform of their formal legal systems.

Preface

1 Economics With and Without the Law

　1.1　The Need for Economic Governance

　1.2 Economics Taking the Law for Granted

　1.3　"Lawlessness and Economics" in Context

　1.4 Law and Economics

　1.5 Economics in the Shadow of the Law

　1.6 Other Institutions of Economic Governance

　1.7　Some Basic Analytical Apparatus

　1.8 Approach of the Book

2 Private Ordering in the Shadow of the Law

　2.1　Issues and Empirical Research

　2.2 Bargaining When the Law is a Backstop

　2.3 Relational and Formal Contracts

　2.4 Arbitration and Information

　2.5 Assessment and Prospects

　2.6 Mathematical Appendix

3 Relation-Based Contract Enforcement

　3.1 Issues and Empirical Research

　3.2 Relation-Based and Rule-Based Governance

　3.3 Limits of Relation-Based Governance

　3.4 Related Theoretical Models

　3.5 Assessment and Prospects

　3.6 Mathematical Appendix

4 Profit-Motivated Contract Enforcement

　4.1 Issues and Empirical Research

　4.2 The Structure of the Model

　4.3 Information Intermediaries

　4.4 Enforcement Intermediaries

　4.5 Assessment and Prospects

　4.6 Mathematical Appendix

5　Private Protection of Property Rights

　5.1　Issues and Empirical Research

　5.2　Production and Protection under Anarchy

　5.3　For-Profit Private Protection

　5.4 A Predatory State and Its Citizens

　5.5　Assessment and Prospects

　5.6 Mathematical Appendix

6　Conclusion

　6.1　Implications for Institutions and Policies

　6.2　Implications for Future Research

References

Index

Avinash Kamalakar Dixit (born 1944) is an Indian-American economist originally of Indian nationality.

Dixit received a B.Sc. from Bombay University in 1963 in Mathematics and Physics, a B.A. from Cambridge University in 1965 in Mathematics (Corpus Christi College, First Class), and a Ph.D. in 1968 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Economics.

As of 2011, Dixit is the John J. F. Sherrerd '52 University Professor of Economics at Princeton University, and has been since July 1989. He was previously a professor of Economics and International Affairs. He previously taught at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, at the University of California, Berkeley, at Balliol College at Oxford University as the Lord Thomson of Fleet Fellow and Lecturer in Economics, and at the University of Warwick.

Avinash Dixit has also held visiting scholar positions at MIT as well as the International Monetary Fund and the Russell Sage Foundation.

He was President of the Econometric Society in 2001, and was Vice-President (2002) and President (2008) of the American Economic Association. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1992 and the National Academy of Sciences in 2005.

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作者介绍：Avinash K. Dixit

　　Avinash K. Dixit is John J. F. Sherrerd '52 University Professor of Economics at Princeton University. He is the author or coauthor of nine books, including "Investment under Uncertainty" (Princeton), "Thinking Strategically" (Norton), "Games of Strategy" (Norton), and "The Making of Economic Policy" (MIT).

书籍介绍

How can property rights be protected and contracts be enforced in countries where the rule of law is ineffective or absent? How can firms from advanced market economies do business in such circumstances? In Lawlessness and Economics , Avinash Dixit examines the theory of private institutions that transcend or supplement weak economic governance from the state. In much of the world and through much of history, private mechanisms--such as long-term relationships, arbitration, social networks to disseminate information and norms to impose sanctions, and for-profit enforcement services--have grown up in place of formal, state-governed institutions. Even in countries with strong legal systems, many of these mechanisms continue under the shadow of the law. Numerous case studies and empirical investigations have demonstrated the variety, importance, and merits, and drawbacks of such institutions. This book builds on these studies and constructs a toolkit of theoretical models to analyze them. The models shed new conceptual light on the different modes of governance, and deepen our understanding of the interaction of the alternative institutions with each other and with the government's law. For example, one model explains the limit on the size of social networks and illuminates problems in the transition to more formal legal systems as economies grow beyond this limit. Other models explain why for-profit enforcement is inefficient. The models also help us understand why state law dovetails with some non-state institutions and collides with others. This can help less-developed countries and transition economies devise better processes for the introduction or reform of their formal legal systems.