美国民主Democracy in America 9781853264801 txt umd azw3 下载 fb2 pdf 在线 免费

Democracy in America is a classic of political philosophy. Hailed by John Stuart Mill and Horace Greely as the finest book ever written on the nature of democracy, it continues to be an influential text on both sides of the Atlantic, above all in the emerging democracies of Eastern Europe. De Tocqueville examines the structures, institutions and operation of democracy, and shows how Europe can learn from American success and failures. His central theme is the advancement of the rule of the people, but he also predicts that slavery will bring about the 'most horrible of civil wars', foresees that the USA and Russia will be the Superpowers of the twentieth century, and is 150 years ahead of his time in his views on the position and importance of women.

INTRODUCTION

MAP

VOLUME ONE

AUTHOR'S PREFACE TO THE TWELTH EDITION

AUTHOR'S INTRODUCTION

1 Origin of the Anglo-Americans, and Importance of this Origin in Relation to their Future Condition

2 Social Condition of the Anglo-Americans

3 The Principle of the Sovereignty of the People of America

4 Necessity of Examining the Condition of the States BgCore that of the Union at Large

5 Judicial Power in the United States, and its Influence on Political Society

6 Political Jurisdiction in the United States

7 The Federal Constitution

8 How it Can be Strictly Said that the People Govern in the United States

9 Parties in the United States

10 Liberty of the Press in the United States

　11 Government of the Democracy in America

　12 What are the Real Advantages which American Society Derives from a Democratic Government

　13 Unlimited Power of the Majority in the United States, and its Consequences

　14 Causes which Mitigate the Tyranny of the Majority in the United States

　15 Principal Causes which Tend to Maintain the Democratic Republic of the United States

　16 The Present and Probable Future Condition of the Three Races that Inhabit the Territory of the United States

VOLUME TWOAUTHOR'S PREFACE TO THE SECOND PART

FIRST BOOKInfluence of Democracy on the Action of Intellect in the United States

　1 Philosophical Method of the Americans

　2 How Religion in the United States Avails itself of Democratic Tendencies

　3 The Progress of Roman Cathol~'sm in the United States

　4 How Equality Suggests to the Americans the Idea of the Indefinite Perfectibility of Man

　5 The Example of the Americans does not Prove that a Democratic People can Have no Aptitudeand no Taste for Science, Literature, or Art

　6 Some Characteristics of Historians in Democratic Times

　　……

SECOND BOOK

THIRD BOOK

FOURTH BOOK

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中外格局何以狭窄为中西格局？这固然是将西方的现代社会当作人类文明最后归宿的结果，然究其根本，在于对各文明之本缺乏究竟体会甚至极少有这种意识。熊十力、梁漱溟等先生倡导“发愿”、“见体”即对此颢然有悟。各大文明之不同在于其关乎道体之究竟见地上的根本差异。一切文明之自觉与权衡需以对道体之全观正见为前提，否则即便花样百出材料充盈，均不免皮相零碎。各文明均对道体有所观照领悟，均有其圣贤成教，且以此为基立法、建政。是以各文明实均有其道政学三统，无非或有其偏而不自知而已。道体之观存于各文明中相当于“哲学”之经典部分。各文明之所含之见体，对该文明有奠基意义。其文明之发展、演变、壮大，对其他文明因素之吸收、改造与排斥，均源于对其基本见地之解释。此可于一切文明基本思想见之。

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